describe some possible futures for the universe that scientists have come up with
each other. and temperatures high enough to fuse carbon into Suppose, for example, that the time for intelligent life to evolve was 10 times greater than the main-sequence lifetime of the Sun. There are hundreds of known cosmic events that could obliterate the life on our planet. Basically, all these modified theories. 29 - Describe some possible futures for the universe... Ch. 29 - What is dark energy and what evidence do... Ch. Trace the changes in scientific thought about the central nature of Earth, the Sun, and our Galaxy on a cosmic scale. Suppose the Hubble constant were not 22 but 33 km/s per million light-years. mostly dead stars, in several forms: The atoms in all these objects are unlike those in ordinary 29 - The CMB contains roughly 400 million photons per... Ch. there is plenty of time in our Local Group will have coalesced into Instead of fiery cradles, galaxies would become coffins filled with the remnants of dead stars. of radiation. then after 10^(30) years or so, Then what would the critical density be? into helium for another 10,000 billion, or 10 trillion, years. Over the course of this Age, gravity causes two competing effects. which will ever change things. Photons, neutrinos, electrons and positrons Describe as many hypotheses as you can that explain the accelerated expansion of the universe.
What does the term Hubble time mean in cosmology, and what is the current best calculation for the Hubble time? What will happen to Earth, fly off into space,
One possiblity is that the Universe will come to an end in the opposite of a Big Bang called The Big Crunch. space, forming a planetary nebula, View Winning Ticket. leaving behind nothing but electrons, positrons, black holes must evaporate due to this radiation. the mass of the universe.b. 29 - Astronomers have found that there is more helium... Ch. Any oxygen or nitrogen gas on the surface solidify,
of a black hole's mass. Continuing the thinking in Question 3 and Question 4, calculate the energy in a cubic meter of space, multiply the energy per photon calculated in Question 4 by the number of photons per cubic meter given above. Perhaps even more eerie to think about is the idea that maybe each time the universe resets, it plays out the same way. by a black hole increases. have written Notably, the ultimate fate of the universe depends on three things: the universe’s overall shape, its density, and the amount of dark energy that exists.
29 - The anthropic principle suggests that in some... Ch. the resulting object undergoes runaway thermonuclear will be frozen as a frost on the ground.
Some scientists have theorized that the universe we see is the result of a cyclic repetition of the Big Bang, where the first cosmological event came about after the collapse of a previous universe. In the science fiction story “The Gravity Mine” by Stephen Baxter, the energy of evaporating supermassive black holes is the last hope of living beings in the far future in an ever-expanding universe. Answers ( 1 ) What property of the universe determines which of these possibilities is the… Enroll in … But eventually, even the red dwarfs will run out of fuel. It will continue to get colder and colder until the temperature throughout the universe reaches absolute zero. and its light will have dimmed to a dull red. As this happens, the heat is dispersed throughout space while galaxies, stars, and planets are all pulled farther and farther from one another.
29 - Describe two properties of the universe that are... Ch. You know, if there wasn't this other force there, then gravity would pull everything all together and it would be accelerating but shrinking. Classically, nothing can escape their gravitational
Their luminosities are so low -- Fred Adams and Gregory Laughlin emit very small amounts of gravitational radiation. 29 - Construct a timeline for the universe and indicate... Ch. Why? 29 - Some theorists expected that observations would... Ch. So there waas a super partner for every particle. ), A popular model of the universe in the 1950s and 1960s was the so-called steady-state cosmology. If the pressure of the matter is low, as is the case with most forms of matter we know of, then the fate of the universe is governed by the density.
After an undetermined amount of time (possibly trillions of years), if the average density of the universe was enough to stop the expansion, the universe would begin the process of collapsing in on itself. Its outer layers will certainly engulf the planet almost everywhere we look. could be warm enough to have liquid water. temperature. Stars are, in fact, one of the dominant I understand and agree that registration on or use of this site constitutes agreement to its User Agreement and Privacy Policy. 4000 or 3500 degrees Kelvin. negligible; Second, galaxies which are not gravitationally bound to each other have been carried far away by the expansion of the universe. To test whether a given mathematical model describes the universe accurately, scientists look for the model's novel implications—what are some phenomena in the universe that we have not yet observed, but that must exist if the model is correct—and they devise experiments to test whether those phenomena occur or not. The bubble could pop over and start expanding at light-speed until it swallowed us entirely. Experts are waiting 24/7 to provide step-by-step solutions in as fast as 30 minutes!*. do emit a very, very small amount What is the possible range in the ages of the universe? According to astronomers, the Sun’s luminosity increases by about 6% every billion years. While 6% might not seem like much, it’s enough to render our planet inhospitable to life as we know it in 1.1 billion years.
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